Russells Viper Envenomation-associated Acute Kidney Injury in Children in Southern India.

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency and risk factors of acute kidney injury in children with Russells viper envenomation using Acute Kidney Injury Network definition and classification system. METHODS A prospective observational study recruiting 61 subjects managed as per the National Snakebite Protocol. RESULTS 45.9% of envenomed children had acute kidney injury. The median (IQR) of the maximum serum creatinine level during hospitalization was 2 (1.3-4.8) mg/dL. The distribution of stages 1, 2 and 3 of acute kidney injury was 32.1%, 17.9% and 50% respectively. Dialysis was required in 35.7% of the children with acute kidney injury. CONCLUSION Acute kidney injury is common with Russells viper envenomation. Native treatments and bleeding manifestations were associated with acute kidney injury in our patient population.